Carbohydrates are our main source of energy and play an important role in the functioning of our nervous system, muscles, and internal organs. Since carbohydrates are already a form of sugar, your body can break them down easily to use as energy. As a primary source of energy for physical and mental functions, carbohydrates should comprise about 55% of your daily caloric intake. If yours is higher, you will be left hungry because your body is breaking them down and using them up. If you go much lower, you will be left tired because you are depriving your body of a necessary energy source.
Protein is a primary component of our muscles, hair, nails, skin, eyes, and internal organs, especially the heart and brain. Protein is needed for growth, for healthy red blood cells, and much more. Proteins, or amino acids, are the building blocks of muscle tissue. Immune functions, brain functions, joint stability, connective tissue strength, bone strength, and all body movements come from muscle tissue. Therefore, it is vital that you get enough protein throughout your day. The trick, though, is consuming the right amount, as too much can lead to highly acidic blood, calcium deficiency, kidney and liver problems, as well as other health issues. A healthy guideline is to take in approximately 25% of your calories from protein.
Fats are a form of energy reserve and insulation in your body, and can be burned to make energy when you don't get enough from your diet. Fats transport nutrients such as vitamins A, D, E, and K through your body, immune functions, delivery of certain vitamins and minerals, and the fatty tissue protects your vital organs from trauma and temperature change. Contrary to popular beliefs, fat does not make you fat. Only an excess amount of calories causes you to store and gain body fat. However, too much fat can lead to heart disease, atherosclerosis, obesity, and other problems. About 20% of your daily intake from this source is recommended to maintain a healthy body.
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